A news item genre

MANILA (AFP): The Philippines has the most
number of endemic bird species which are in danger of
extinction, according to a nation wide wildlife report
obtained here yesterday.
"The Philippine Red Data book', written by the
Wildlife Conservation Society of the Philippines, noted
that the country has 40 endangered bird species more
than any other country.
This includes the Cebu flower-pecker of which
only four are known to still be alive, making it the most
endangered bird in the world, the 'Red Data Book"
said.
An endangered species is defined as one hat has a
20 percent chance of becoming extinct in 20 years.
The 'Data Book' said the threat of extinction was
due to the growing destruction of the forests which are
the habitats of the birds and other wild animals, many
of which are similarly endangered
QUESTIONS :

1. The text is about ...
   A. the 'Philippine Red Data Book' on animals
   B. the Wildlife Conservation Society in the Philippines
  C. the number of endemic bird species still available
  D. the endangered habitats of birds in the Philippines
  E. a report about the extinction of he most endangered birds
2. According to the 'Red Data Book',
    some birds and wild  animals area in danger of extinction because people ...
  A. hunt them for sports
  B. keep destroying forests
  C. more their habitats
  D. change forests into their habitats
  E. catch them to be domesticated

3. Endangered species are ...

  A. the forty percent of bird species in the world
  B. all wild animals except the Cebu flower-pecker
  C. birds which now remains twenty percent
  D. the endemic bird species kept in- captivity
  E. catch them to be domesticated


4. "...the threat of extinction was due to ..."(paragraph 5)
   The word 'threat" means ...
   A. notice
   B. warning
   C. danger
   D. statement
   E. announcement

Purpose :
 A new item is factual text used to inform readers, listeners or viewers about
 events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
The generic structure of a news item genre consists of:
1. Newsworthy events.
2. Background events
3. Sources

   

READING (C)

Wholesaling is part of the marketing system which provides channels of distribution that are used to bring goods to market. Most manufactured consumer goods are marketed through an indirect channel, this might be from the manufacturer to the wholesaler to the retailer to the consumer, or through more complicated channels. However, in general, wholesalers deal in products that are to be resold by retailers to consumers. Wholesaling is mostly a field of small business, although there is a growing chain movement in the United States. About a quarter of wholesaling units account for one-third of total sales.
Two-thirds of the wholesaling middlemen are merchant wholesalers who take title to the goods they deal in. There are also agent middlemen who negotiate purchases or sales or both, but they don't take title to the goods they deal in. They sometimes take possession, though, These agents don't earn salaries. They receive commissions; this is a percentage of the value of the goods they sell.
Wholesalers simplify the process of distribution. For example, the average supermarket stocks 5.00 items in groceries alone; a retail druggist may have more than 6,00 items. Since a wholesaler handles a large assortment of items from numerous manufacturers, he greatly reduces the problem of both manufacturer and retailer. The storekeeper does not have to deal directly with thousands of different people. He may have a well-stocked store and deal with only a few wholesalers.


1. Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
    A. Agent middlemen receive large salaries.
    B. A wholesaler usually deals with retailers.
    C. Distribution of goods requires a large capital.
    D. All consumer goods are directly sold to consumers.
    E. Storekeepers usually buy the items directly from the manufacturers


2. What is the topic of paragraph 3? It is ...
    A. the right of an agent middleman in the business
    B. the goods sold or bought by an agent middle-
    C. the percentage given to an agent middleman as commission
    D. the difference between, a merchant wholesaler and an agent middleman
    E. how the agent middlemen negotiate with retailers over the goods they deal in

3. The main idea of the first paragraph is ...
    A. There are many ways to distribute goods to consumers.
    B. Wholesaling is a way of marketing goods to consumers.
    C. Wholesaling makes the distribution of goods complicated.
    D. The only channel of distribution is from wholesalers to retailers!
    E. Marketing a manufactured product is the responsibility of a wholesaler;


4. Which of the following sequences is a direct channel of distribution?
    A. Manufacturer – wholesaler – retailer – consumer
    B. Manufacturer – wholesaler – consumer
    C. Manufacturer – wholesaler – retailer
    D. Manufacturer – retailer – consumer
    E. Manufacturer – consumer


5. Which of the following sequences is a direct channel of distribution?
    A. Manufacturer – wholesaler – retailer – consumer
    B. Manufacturer – wholesaler – consumer
    C. Manufacturer – wholesaler – retailer
    D. Manufacturer – retailer – consumer
    E. Manufacturer – consumer